DOI

https://doi.org/10.48717/c4d7-6a30

Project

EL079

Title

Linking Multi-Scale Outflows with VLBI Observations of Mrk 509

Abstract

Active galactic nucleus (AGN) outflows play a critical role in feedback processes, yet their driving mechanisms and multi-scale connections remain poorly understood. Mrk 509, a prototypical AGN, exhibits multiphase outflows, including ultra-fast outflows, broad-line region (BLR) outflows, and large-scale molecular outflows in the host galaxy. Recent VLTI/GRAVITY observations have provided unprecedented constraints on the kinematics and orientation of the BLR outflow in Mrk 509, offering a unique opportunity to investigate the relationship between nuclear and large-scale outflows. We propose in total 10 hours high-resolution EVN observations at 18 cm and 6 cm to resolve the parsec-scale radio emission, aiming to: (1) distinguish between jet, wind, and shock contributions; (2) establish a physical link between the BLR outflow and the radio structure; and (3) investigate energy and momentum correlations between nuclear and large-scale outflows. These observations aim to provide the first evidence bridging the observational gap between nuclear and galactic-scale outflows.